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Foods Containing Gluten
Abyssinian Hard (Wheat triticum durum)
Alcohol (Spirits - Specific Types)
Amp-Isostearoyl Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein
Atta Flour
Barley Grass (can contain seeds)
Barley Hordeum vulgare
Barley Malt
Beer (most contain barley or wheat)
Bleached Flour
Bran
Bread Flour
Brewer's Yeast
Brown Flour
Bulgur (Bulgar Wheat/Nuts)
Bulgur Wheat
Cereal Binding
Chilton
Club Wheat (Triticum aestivum subspecies compactum)
Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Cookie Crumbs
Cookie Dough
Cookie Dough Pieces
Couscous
Crisped Rice
Dinkle (Spelt)
Disodium Wheatgermamido Peg-2 Sulfosuccinate
Durum wheat (Triticum durum)
Edible Coatings
Edible Films
Edible Starch
Einkorn (Triticum monococcum)
Emmer (Triticum dicoccon)
Enriched Bleached Flour
Enriched Bleached Wheat Flour
Enriched Flour
Farina
Farina Graham
Farro
Filler
Flour (normally this is wheat)
Fu (dried wheat gluten)
Germ
Graham Flour
Granary Flour
Groats (barley, wheat)
Hard Wheat
Heeng
Hing
Hordeum Vulgare Extract
Hydrolyzed Wheat Gluten
Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein
Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein Pg-Propyl Silanetriol
Hydrolyzed Wheat Starch
Hydroxypropyltrimonium Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein
Kamut (Pasta wheat)
Kecap Manis (Soy Sauce)
Ketjap Manis (Soy Sauce)
Kluski Pasta
Maida (Indian wheat flour)
Malt
Malted Barley Flour
Malted Milk
Malt Extract
Malt Syrup
Malt Flavoring
Malt Vinegar
Macha Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Matza
Matzah
Matzo
Matzo Semolina
Meringue
Meripro 711
Mir
Nishasta
Oriental Wheat (Triticum turanicum)
Orzo Pasta
Pasta
Pearl Barley
Persian Wheat (Triticum carthlicum)
Perungayam
Poulard Wheat (Triticum turgidum)
Polish Wheat (Triticum polonicum)
Rice Malt (if barley or Koji are used)
Roux
Rusk
Rye
Seitan
Semolina
Semolina Triticum
Shot Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Small Spelt
Spirits (Specific Types)
Spelt (Triticum spelta)
Sprouted Wheat or Barley
Stearyldimoniumhydroxypropyl Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein
Strong Flour
Suet in Packets
Tabbouleh
Tabouli
Teriyaki Sauce
Textured Vegetable Protein - TVP
Timopheevi Wheat (Triticum timopheevii)
Triticale X triticosecale
Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Flour Lipids
Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Extract
Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Oil
Udon (wheat noodles)
Unbleached Flour
Vavilovi Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Vital Wheat Gluten
Wheat, Abyssinian Hard triticum durum
Wheat amino acids
Wheat Bran Extract
Wheat, Bulgur
Wheat Durum Triticum
Wheat Germ Extract
Wheat Germ Glycerides
Wheat Germ Oil
Wheat Germamidopropyldimonium Hydroxypropyl Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein
Wheat Grass (can contain seeds)
Wheat Nuts
Wheat Protein
Wheat Triticum aestivum
Wheat Triticum Monococcum
Wheat (Triticum Vulgare) Bran Extract
Whole-Meal Flour
Wild Einkorn (Triticum boeotictim)
Wild Emmer (Triticum dicoccoides)
The following items
may or may not contain gluten depending on where and how they are made,
and it is sometimes necessary to check with the manufacturer to find out:
Artificial Color4
Baking Powder4
Caramel Color1, 3
Caramel Flavoring1, 3
Clarifying Agents4
Coloring4
Dextrins1,7
Dextrimaltose1,7
Diglycerides4
Dry Roasted Nuts4
Emulsifiers4
enzymes4
Fat Replacer4
Flavoring6
Food Starch1, 4
Food Starch Modified1, 4
Glucose Syrup4
Glycerides4
Gravy Cubes4
Ground Spices4
HPP4
HVP4
Hydrolyzed Plant Protein4
Hydrolyzed Protein4
Hydrolyzed Vegetable Protein4
Hydrogenated Starch Hydrolysate4
Hydroxypropylated Starch4
Maltodextrin1, 8
Maltose4
Miso4
Mixed Tocopherols4
Modified Food Starch1, 4
Modified Starch1, 4
Mono and Diglycerides1, 4
Monoglycerides1, 4
Natural Flavoring6
Natural Flavors6
Natural Juices4
Non-dairy Creamer4
Pregelatinized Starch4
Protein Hydrolysates4
Seafood Analogs4
Seasonings4
Sirimi4
Smoke Flavoring4
Soba Noodles4
Soy Sauce4
Soy Sauce Solids4
Sphingolipids4
Stabilizers4
Starch1, 4
Stock Cubes4
Suet4
Tocopherols4
Vegetable Broth4
Vegetable Gum4
Vegetable Protein4
Vegetable Starch4
Vitamins4
Wheat Starch5
- 1) If this ingredient
is made in North America it is likely to be gluten-free.
- 3) The problem with
caramel color is it may or may not contain gluten depending on how it
is manufactured. In the USA caramel color must conform with the FDA
standard of identity from 21CFR CH.1. This statute says: the color
additive caramel is the dark-brown liquid or solid material resulting
from the carefully controlled heat treatment of the following food-grade
carbohydrates: Dextrose (corn sugar), invert sugar, lactose (milk sugar),
malt syrup (usually from barley malt), molasses (from cane), starch
hydrolysates and fractions thereof (can include wheat), sucrose (cane
or beet). Also, acids, alkalis and salts are listed as additives which
may be employed to assist the caramelization process.
- 4) Can utilize a
gluten-containing grain or by-product in the manufacturing process,
or as an ingredient.
- 5) Most celiac organizations
in the USA and Canada do not believe that wheat starch is safe for celiacs.
In Europe, however, Codex
Alimentarius Quality wheat starch is considered acceptable in the
celiac diet by most doctors and celiac organizations. This is a higher
quality of wheat starch than is generally available in the USA or Canada.
- 6) According to
21 C.F.R. S 101,22(a)(3): [t]he terns natural flavor or natural
flavoring means the essential oil, oleoresin, essence or extractive,
protein hydrolysate, distillate, or any product of roasting, heating
or enzymolysis, which contains the flavoring constituents derived from
a spice, fruit or fruit juice, vegetable or vegetable juice, edible
yeast, herb, bark, bud, root, leaf or similar plant material, meat,
seafood, poultry, eggs, dairy products, or fermentation products thereof.
Whose significant function in food is flavoring rather than nutritional.
- 7) Dextrin is an
incompletely hydrolyzed starch. It is prepared by dry heating corn,
waxy maize, waxy milo, potato, arrowroot, WHEAT, rice, tapioca, or sago
starches, or by dry heating the starches after: (1) Treatment with safe
and suitable alkalis, acids, or pH control agents and (2) drying the
acid or alkali treated starch. (1) Therefore, unless you know the source,
you must avoid dextrin.
May 1997 Sprue-Nik News.
(1) Federal Register (4-1-96 Edition) 21CFR Ch.1, Section 184.12277.
(2) Federal Register (4-1-96) 21 CFR. Ch.1, Section 184.1444
- 8) Maltodextrin
is prepared as a white powder or concentrated solution by partial hydrolysis
of corn starch or potato starch with safe and suitable acids and enzymes.
(1) Maltodextrin, when listed on food sold in the USA, must be (per
FDA regulation) made from corn or potato. This rule does NOT apply to
vitamin or mineral supplements and medications. (2) Donald Kasarda Ph.D.,
a research chemist specializing on grain proteins, of the United States
Department of Agriculture, found that all maltodextrins in the USA are
made from corn starch, using enzymes that are NOT derived from wheat,
rye, barley, or oats. On that basis he believes that celiacs need not
be too concerned about maltodextrins, though he cautions that there
is no guarantee that a manufacturer wont change their process to use
wheat starch or a gluten-based enzyme in the future. (3) - May 1997
Sprue-Nik News
1. Federal Register (4-1-96) 21 CFR. Ch.1, Section 184.1444
2.Additives Alert, an information sheet from the Greater Philadelphia
Celiac Support Group, updated early in 1997. This specific information
comes from Nancy Patin Falini, the dietitian advisor for the group and
a speaker at a national celiac conferences in the past few years.
3. From the CELLIAC Listserv archives, on the Internet, Donald D. Kasarda,
posted November 6, 1996.
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